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For books, the author's name should appear as it does on the title page of the book, in small caps followed by a comma. The title of the book, also in small caps, should follow. A pinpoint citation directly follows the title, which designates the specific pages on which the cited material appears.

Screen pages are indicated by an asterisk. Pages from other reporters that have published the opinion usually also are marked. If you are citing to the pages from reporters that have published the opinion, do not place asterisks in the citation. A case is not published if it is only available on-line.

A parallel citation is when reported cases are found in one of several reporters with a volume and page number. [i] For example: 213 [volume] Mich App [reporter] 389 [first page], 401 [page cited].

"Id." is an all-purpose short form citation that may be used for any cited authority except internal cross-references. "Id." always refers to the immediately preceding cited authority, either in the same footnote or the previous footnote so long as it is the only authority cited in the preceding footnote. Sweatt v.

There are many different reporters, both official and unofficial. In court documents and filings, parallel citations to the same case as it appears in multiple reporters are often required. As a general rule, however, the Bluebook does not require parallel citations.

The Basics. Parallel citations are used when the same case is printed in two or more different reporters. In other words, a parallel citation references location information for more that one source of a case.