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Security interest is an enforceable legal claim or lien on collateral that has been pledged, usually to obtain a loan. The borrower provides the lender with a security interest in certain assets, which gives the lender the right to repossess all or part of the property if the borrower stops making loan payments.

Examples of typical collateral are shares of stock, livestock, and vehicles. A security agreement is not used to transfer any interest in real property (land/real estate), only personal property. The document used by lenders to obtain a lien on real property is a mortgage or deed of trust.

One of the most common examples of a security interest is a mortgage: a person borrows money from the bank to buy a house, and they grant a mortgage over the house so that if they default in repaying the loan, the bank can sell the house and apply the proceeds to the outstanding loan.

Article 9 contains a statute of frauds which requires a security agreement to be in writing unless it is pledged. See § 9-203(1) of the code. A pledged security agreement arises when the borrower transfers the collateral to the lender in exchange for a loan (e.g., a pawnbroker).

A security agreement is a document that provides a lender a security interest in a specified asset or property that is pledged as collateral. Security agreements often contain covenants that outline provisions for the advancement of funds, a repayment schedule, or insurance requirements.

To overly simplify the basic commercial transaction, the three documents necessary to create a secured transaction are: (1) the promissory note; (2) the security agreement and (3) the financing statement. The promissory note is the document that creates the obligation.