Acuerdo prematrimonial prenupcial de California con estados financieros
Sometimes there are areas of law about which Uniform Acts
are written and adopted by the various states. Premarital Agreements
is such as area of law. The NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMMISSIONERS ON UNIFORM
STATE LAWS adopted the final version of the Uniform Premarital Agreement
Act in 1983. Since that date, the act, as modified by the various
states, has been adopted in the following states: Arizona, Arkansas, California,
Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana,
Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico,
North Carolina, North Dakota, Oregon, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Texas,
Utah and Virginia. At the heart of the act is the provision which
provides that such an agreement is generally valid if in writing and sets
forth the factors to consider if the agreement is challenged.
California
California is a community property state. All property acquired by a married person during their marriage while living in California is presumed to be community property. Upon death or divorce, the value of all community assets are divided equally in terms of value between both spouses.
Separate property is property: a) owned before marriage, b) acquired during marriage by gift or inheritance, or c) acquired after separation. Earnings, income or appreciation from separate property sources remains separate property. If there is a dispute about whether an asset is separate property, you must have proof that you acquired the separate property in one of these ways, and have documentation to trace the separate property back to the original source.
If you use separate property to acquire property in joint names during the marriage, you are only entitled to reimbursement for the amount of the separate property contributed (no interest or appreciation) and again, you must be able to trace the contribution back to the separate property source.
If you own a business prior to marriage, the community may acquire an interest in the business if the business increases in value during the marriage, depending upon the reason for the increase in value.
Debts incurred during the marriage are presumed to be community property. The only debts which would normally not be community property are debts which are completely unrelated to the community (such as debts related to one person's separate property, support obligations, gifts or expenses related to a romantic relationship other than the marriage, or criminal acts which did not have a financial benefit to the community). This means that a spouse could incur a debt for a purpose the other spouse does not approve and it would still be a community debt.
Debts incurred before marriage remain the responsibility of the person who originally incurred them. If community funds are used to pay these debts, sometimes there is a right of reimbursement for the community and sometimes not (special rules apply depending upon the type of debt and other assets/income which was available to pay it).
In dissolution of a marriage, the court is empowered to allocate assets of comparable value to the former husband and wife to make the overall division of the gross marital estate substantially equal. It need not divide each asset. For example, when dividing a business might impair its value, the court will generally preserve the ongoing business interests if the court can still make an overall equal division of the marital estate.
Each spouse owes a duty of support to the other. Support can be ordered after separation. The amount and duration of support is set by the court and can depend on many factors.
Spouses are permitted to waive the right to support upon divorce in a premarital agreement. Certain conditions must be met, including that each spouse be represented by an attorney for the premarital agreement. In addition, a court could later order spousal support even if it was waived if it would be unconscionable not to order it.
Each parent is entitled to custody of the children. Upon a separation, the court determines custody according to the best interest of the child. Child support is payable according to a standardized formula. Premarital agreements cannot waive or change the authority of the court to make orders of the court regarding children.
Under California law, the property rights of husband and wife prescribed by statute may be altered by a premarital agreement.
A premarital agreement may be recorded in the office of the recorder of each county in which real property affected by the agreement is situated if the premarital agreement is executed and acknowledged or proved in the manner that a grant of real property is required to be executed and acknowledged or proved. Recording or nonrecording of a premarital agreement or other marital property agreement has the same effect as recording or nonrecording of a grant of real property.
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Disclaimer: This law summary is not legal advice.
If you are not an attorney, you should consult an attorney about serious
legal matters.
