“No agency shall disclose any record which is contained in a system of records by any means of communication to any person, or to another agency, except pursuant to a written request by, or with the prior written consent of, the individual to whom the record pertains subject to 12 exceptions.”
Information compiled in reasonable anticipation of a civil action proceeding. Material reporting investigative efforts pertaining to the enforcement of criminal law including efforts to prevent, control, or reduce crime or to apprehend criminals.
“No agency shall disclose any record which is contained in a system of records by any means of communication to any person, or to another agency, except pursuant to a written request by, or with the prior written consent of, the individual to whom the record pertains subject to 12 exceptions.” 5 U.S.C. § 552a(b).
Conditions of Disclosure to Third Parties. The general rule under the Privacy Act is that an agency cannot disclose a record contained in a system of records unless the individual to whom the record pertains gives prior written consent to the disclosure. There are twelve exceptions to this general rule.
The Privacy Act provides that the agency will provide access to records on individuals within our possession unless one of ten exemptions applies. The exact language of the exemptions can be found in the Privacy Act.
Rule 49 allows full discovery of important facts to avoid “litigation by ambush.” The Rule promotes greater professionalism among counsel, with the ultimate goal of increasing voluntary cooperation and exchange of information.
Ing to FERPA, personally identifiable information in an education record may not be released without prior written consent from the student. Some examples of information that MAY NOT BE RELEASED without prior written consent of the student include: university ID number. Social Security number.
Furthermore, schools may disclose, without consent, directory information, which FERPA defines as a student's name, address, telephone number, date and place of birth, honors and awards, and dates of attendance.
Recording a conversation without consent in Arizona is illegal. However, Arizona is a one-party consent state, which means it is legal to record a conversation under certain circumstances.