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One of the most used detection systems for cancer diagnosis is aptamer-nanoparticle (Apt-NP) conjugates. These conjugates can be used to detect cancer cells from the complex body fluids such as serum and blood.

Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides that fold into defined architectures and bind to targets such as proteins. In binding proteins they often inhibit protein–protein interactions and thereby may elicit therapeutic effects such as antagonism.

An aptamer blocks signaling, while the therapeutic payload silences genes crucial for cell survival. Thus, simultaneously both functional parts promote apoptosis.

Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acid molecules that bind to and inhibit proteins and are commonly produced by systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX).

Like monoclonal antibodies, aptamers can be used for the molecular recognition of their respective targets. Aptamers have been successfully used for pathogen recognition, cancer recognition, monitoring environmental contamination, and as stem cell markers.

Aptamers are DNA or RNA molecules with special conformational features, able to efficiently bind to a target molecule. They are obtained by SELEX, a particular in vitro selection strategy, and have found utility during last years as a novel class of pharmaceuticals compounds.

The use of an aptamer in chromatography has many advantages over the use of an antibody, including an equal or superior affinity and specificity to the target, a smaller size, easier modification and immobilization, better stability, and higher reproducibility.

Aptamers are synthetic single-strand oligonucleotides that can bind and regulate the activity of proteins based on their tertiary structural interactions. They have the potential to specifically target, bind with high affinity, internalize, and deliver a wide range of therapeutic moieties inside the cells.