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Summary of Nucleic Acid Methods. Denaturing/Thermal Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (D/TGGE) Intergenic Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Analysis. Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) Cloning and Sequencing. Solution Hybridization. Membrane Hybridization. Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization (FISH)

The sections required vary from laboratory to laboratory but the standard outline for most lab reports in the biological science include: title, your name, purpose of the experiment, methods, results, discussion and conclusion, references.

Microbial diversity can be defined as the range of different kinds of unicellular organisms, bacteria, archaea, protists, and fungi. Various different microbes thrive throughout the biosphere, defining the limits of life and creating conditions conducive for the survival and evolution of other living beings.

Methods for microorganism identification: chromogenic media and microscopy, biochemical and molecular techniques.

The three most common ways that bacteria diversify their DNA are transformation, conjugation, and transduction. However, not all types of bacterial cells are capable of engaging in all three processes.

The most traditional method for assessment of microbial diversity is selective and differential plating and subsequent viable counts. Being fast and inexpensive, these methods provide information about active and culturable heterotrophic segment of the microbial population.