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It could be that a PSA of above 200 results from a big contribution from infection, also a contribution from benign growth, and a contribution from cancer.

(n) Risk of material misstatement – The risk that the financial statements are materially misstated prior to audit.

This Philippine Standard on Auditing (PSA) deals with the auditor's responsibilities in agreeing the terms of the audit engagement with management and, where appropriate, those charged with governance.

PSA 200 (Revised and Redrafted) Overall Objectives of the Independent Auditor and the Conduct of an Audit in ance with International Standards on Auditing. Date.

PSA-values were categorized into four groups ing to a grouping suggested by Koo et al. [17]: 0–19 ng/ml; 20–99 ng/ml; 100–999 ng/ml; and ≥ 1000 ng/ml, −where the values ≥1000 ng/ml are considered to be extremely high.

Elevated PSA levels can indicate the presence of cancer, but high PSA levels can also be a result of non-cancerous conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or an infection. PSA levels also rise naturally as you age. Elevated PSA levels do not necessarily mean that you have prostate cancer.

(a) Audit documentation – The record of audit procedures performed, relevant audit evidence obtained, and conclusions the auditor reached (terms such as “working papers” or “workpapers” are also sometimes used).

PSA levels under 4 ng/ml are generally considered normal, while levels over 4 ng/ml are considered abnormal. PSA levels between 4 and 10 ng/ml indicate a risk of prostate cancer higher than normal. When the PSA level is above 10 ng/ml, risk of prostate cancer is much higher.

The results of all prostate biopsies may be positive and suggestive of adenocarcinoma in patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values higher than 100 ng/ml.