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The number of times per minute that the pulsator alternates between the milking and massage phase is called the PULSATION RATE. Rates vary from about 40 to 80 pulsations per minute, depending upon the manufacturer. A rate between 50 to 60 is usually recommended.

The principle of machine milking is to extract milk from the cow by vacuum. The machines are designed to apply a constant vacuum to the end of the teat to suck the milk out and convey it to a suitable container, and to give a periodic squeeze applied externally to the whole of the teat to maintain blood circulation.

The 4 phases of each pulsation cycle are defined by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) as a: liner opening; b: liner open, or milking; c: liner closing: and d: liner closed or rest.

It also helps reduce the risk of faults developing and inconvenient breakdowns. The correct vacuum levels, pulsation rate and ratios are essential to remove milk efficiently without damage to the teat or udder. You can check these by performing a static milking machine test.

Pulsation Pulsation tests by your milking machine technician should confirm that all is well. You can check the pulsation rate yourself by inserting your thumb into a liner and counting the number of pulses in 15 sec- onds. The recommended rate is 60 cycles per minute.

Pulsators are set optimally within the following ranges: Rate 50 to 60 ppm. Ratio 60:40 up to 70:30.