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Burkholderia cepacia, or B. cepacia, is a group of bacteria found in soil and water. It can cause serious respiratory infections in patients who are susceptible to illness. Several non-respiratory B. cepacia outbreaks have been linked to contaminated medical products.

The disease is caused by the bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei or B. pseudomallei, which is found in contaminated soil and water. It is spread to humans and animals through direct contact with the contaminated source.

The best way to diagnose B. cepacia is to culture the sputum (a mixture of mucus and saliva coughed up from the respiratory tract). A culture will confirm if B. cepacia is present and, if so, which strain or strains you are dealing with.

For the laboratory diagnosis of B. cepacia, we recommend parallel cultures on blood agar medium and selective agar plates. Further identification of colonies with a Burkholderia phenotype should be performed with the API 20NE test.

Melioidosis is an infection caused by the bacteria, Burkholderia pseudomallei. This bacteria is not found in the United States, except for Puerto Rico, but is common in many other parts of the world including southeast Asia and northern Australia.

Burkholderia cepacia [burk-hōld–er–ee-uh si–pay–shee–uh] (also called B. cepacia) is the name for a group or “complex” of bacteria that can be found in soil and water. B. cepacia bacteria are often resistant to common antibiotics.

The antibiotics polymyxin, and are used at high concentrations in B. cepacia Selective Agar, a highly effective medium for their isolation from CF sputum.

Introduction. Burkholderia cepacia is a gram-negative bacillus commonly found in such habitats as soil, water, plant rhizosphere, animal surfaces, humans and hospital environment (Parke & Gurian-Sherman, 2001). It was first described as a phytobacterium causing soft rot in onions (Burkholder, 1950).