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Class II wells are used only to inject fluids associated with oil and natural gas production. Class II fluids are primarily brines (salt water) that are brought to the surface while producing oil and gas. It is estimated that over 2 billion gallons of fluids are injected in the United States every day.

The goal of federal regulations is to prevent contamination of "underground sources of drinking water" (USDW) from the placement of fluids underground through injection wells. The underground injection control regulations do this by regulating the construction, operation, and closure of injection wells.

Underground Injection Control Program Storage or disposal of water and fluids may be managed by injecting them underground using injection wells. Injection wells are regulated by the Underground Injection Control (UIC) program in order to protect underground sources of drinking water.

Class V wells are used to inject non-hazardous fluids underground, either above or within underground sources of drinking water (aquifers). Most Class V wells are used to dispose of wastes such as sanitary wastes, stormwater, cooling wastewater, or floor drain discharges from vehicle maintenance shops or carwashes.

Class V wells are used to inject non-hazardous fluids underground. Most Class V wells are used to dispose of wastes into or above underground sources of drinking water. This disposal can pose a threat to ground water quality if not managed properly.

What is a Class VI well? Class VI injection wells inject carbon dioxide for long-term storage to reduce emissions to the atmosphere. Figure is not to scale. Class VI wells are used to inject carbon dioxide (CO2) into deep rock formations. This long-term underground storage is called geologic sequestration (GS).

Class I wells are used to inject hazardous and non-hazardous wastes into deep, isolated rock formations. Class II wells are used exclusively to inject fluids associated with oil and natural gas production.