(a) Right to Counsel. Upon arraignment, except for an infraction, a defendant must be represented by counsel, unless the defendant waives counsel in open court. The defendant must not be required to plead until the defendant has had a reasonable time to confer with counsel.
Under Rule 11, there is an affirmative duty to investigate both as to law and as to fact before a complaint is filed. All pleadings, motions, papers, and representations to the court must also meet the requirements of Rule 11 or risk triggering sanctions against the offending parties and their attorneys.
This rule applies to the dismissal of any counterclaim, crossclaim, or third-party claim. A claimant's voluntary dismissal under paragraph (a)(1) must be made before a responsive pleading is served or, if there is no responsive pleading, before evidence is introduced at a trial or hearing.
Rule 11 was designed to highlight the importance of constitutional rights by requiring the judge in district court to discuss these rights with the defendant before accepting his plea. In other words, Rule 11 was created to help the defendant understand the basic consequences of the decision to plead guilty.
Signing Pleadings, Motions, and Other Papers; Representations to the Court; Sanctions. (a) Signature. Every pleading, written motion, and other paper must be signed by at least one attorney of record in the attorney's name – or by a party personally if the party is unrepresented.
except when made during a trial or hearingmust be in writing, unless the court permits the party to make the motion by other means. must state the grounds on which it is based and the relief or order sought. may be supported by affidavit.
(a) Motion. To enforce a court order or to obtain a sanctions order for violation of an order, including in supplemental proceedings under Rule 64, a party must file an ex parte motion to enforce order and for sanctions (if requested), pursuant to this rule and Rule 7.
Rule 11 was designed to highlight the importance of constitutional rights by requiring the judge in district court to discuss these rights with the defendant before accepting his plea. In other words, Rule 11 was created to help the defendant understand the basic consequences of the decision to plead guilty.