A tort claim in Maryland is a civil case, as opposed to a criminal case. Generally, an employee will be entitled to defense and indemnity if the employee acted in the scope of UMB employment, and without gross negligence or malice.The Maryland Court of Appeals reversed lower rulings related to federal preemption of state law and Maryland's educational malpractice doctrine. Count IV alleged negligent hiring, training, retention, and supervision. School boards can be sued based on allegations that their teachers' negligent handling of student misbehavior caused another pupil's injuries. In Maryland, liability waivers are a legal fixture for businesses seeking to shield themselves from negligence claims should a customer sustain injuries. In Maryland, liability waivers are a legal fixture for businesses seeking to shield themselves from negligence claims should a customer sustain injuries. A tort is a wrongful act or omission that causes someone else to suffer loss or harm, resulting in legal liability for the person who committed the act. A tort is an infringement of a right or wrongful act that leads to civil liability. ✓ Unintentional torts: negligence and strict liability.