The Writ of Habeas Corpus is one of the oldest principles of criminal law in the United States with a rich history dating back to medieval times. In most cases federal law requires that a habeas corpus petition be filed within one (1) year of the date your conviction became final.The Habeas Corpus petition claims the arrest, sentence, or trial violated constitutional law, making imprisonment unlawful. Habeas Corpus (Trans: you have the body) -- A writ which brings a person before a court. In United States law, habeas corpus is a recourse challenging the reasons or conditions of a person's confinement under color of law. The writ of habeas corpus is a legal order requiring a person holding another person to produce that individual before a court or judge. The writ of habeas corpus is a legal order requiring a person holding another person to produce that individual before a court or judge. The law in the area is an intricate weave of statute and case law. Maryland Rule of Procedure Z46, adopted Sept. In a writ of habeas corpus, a defendant seeks to establish that his or her prison sentence is illegal.