"Under the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments, an arresting officer may, without a warrant search a person validly arrested. Amendment Four to the Constitution was ratified on December 15, 1791.It protects the American people from unreasonable searches and seizures. The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated. Students write an argument about a Fourth Amendment case, and, as a team, present their arguments orally. In this third episode of our 4th Doing History series, we explore the early American origins of the Fourth Amendment with Thomas Clancy. The Fourth Amendment does not prohibit the warrantless seizure of evidence of a crime in plain view, even if the discovery of evidence was not inadvertent. On November 7, 1944, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected to an unprecedented fourth term as president. There are direct parallels between protected communications technologies used at the time of the Framing and today's. How do historians define Ben Franklin's "world?