State laws that separate same-sex and opposite-sex marriages violate the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. The Due Process Clause provides that no states shall deprive any "person" of "life, liberty or property" without due process of law.More in The Constitution. We must look to see if the interest is within the Fourteenth Amendment's protection of liberty and property. Then as now these states were major electoral battlegrounds. In 1873, the Supreme Court decided its first major cases interpreting the Fourteenth Amendment—The Slaughter-House Cases and Bradwell v. Illinois. North; and of this number, 530,843 lived in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, and Ohio. A new challenge to former President Trump's ballot eligibility under the 14th Amendment was brought in Illinois on Thursday. Some crimes remained definite sentence crimes (murder, rape, kidnapping, and treason) under the 1895 law. The Commission's authority to register and discipline members of the state bar is derived from Illinois Supreme Court Rule 751.