Ratified in 1868, Congress and the courts have applied the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause to many aspects of public life over the past 150 years. Bill C14 would updated the 1985 grandfather clause ensuring no province has fewer seats than they had in 2021.Indigenous treaties in Canada are constitutionally recognized agreements between the Crown and Indigenous peoples. The Northwest Ordinance chartered a government for the Northwest Territory, provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory, An Act for the Union of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick, and the Government thereof; and for Purposes connected therewith. We must look to see if the interest is within the Fourteenth Amendment's protection of liberty and property. He writes and teaches in the areas of civil rights, constitutional law, civil procedure, state and local government law, and legal history. The following documents and any amendment thereto form the Agreement between the. (5) An individual named in a representation agreement as a monitor must complete a monitor's certificate in the prescribed form.