With substantive due process, the 14th Amendment protects a parent's right to direct the educational upbringing of their child. The Due Process Clause provides that no states shall deprive any "person" of "life, liberty or property" without due process of law.The 14th amendment is designed to constitutionalize the rights of the civil rights act of 1866. The 14th Amendment defines all persons born in the United States as citizens. The 14th Amendment wrote the Declaration of Independence's promise of freedom and equality into the Constitution. The Equal Protection Clause is part of the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Interactive Constitution. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. prescribed that we add an economic bill of rights to the U.S. Constitution. Public schools unconstitutional under the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection principle. Segregation of students in public schools violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, because separate facilities are inherently unequal.