The Fourth Amendment guards against unreasonable searches and seizures during multiple circumstances, including traffic stops. The Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits the federal government from conducting "unreasonable searches and seizures.The right of the people to be secure in their persons houses papers and effects against unreasonable searches and seizures shall not be violated. In this session, students will examine the historical context and the drafting of the Fourth Amendment. But cracks in the Fourth Amendment have weakened our personal security. Citizens may not be tried on the same set of facts twice and are protected from self-incrimination (the right to remain silent). Amendment Four to the Constitution was ratified on December 15, 1791. It protects the American people from unreasonable searches and seizures. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. Amendment IX (1791).