Section 3 Disqualification from Holding Office. Equal protection analysis is consistent in both cases as strict.▫ Skepticism – skeptical any time the govt applies race (strict scrutiny). The citizenship clause overturned the Dred Scott decision and ensured that everyone born or naturalized in the United States was a citizen. Amendment to the Nevada Constitution. The Equal Protection Clause requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people, including non-citizens, within its jurisdiction. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. Amendment IX (1791). Trump is not running in the Nevada primary, but instead in the state GOP's rival caucus. Ratified in 1868, Congress and the courts have applied the 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause to many aspects of public life over the past 150 years.