The amendment included birthright citizenship, incorporating this protection from the Civil Rights Act of 1866, and then focused on the states. Southern Comfort, THE NEW YORK REVIEW OF BOOKS (Apr.It also protects against unequal treatment based on reproductive healthcare and autonomy. Search this collection to find debate on the 14th Amendment (H. It also protects against unequal treatment based on reproductive healthcare and autonomy. In short, Prop One and its added suspect classes threatens to throw New York civil rights law into chaos. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. Amendment IX (1791). In order for the 14th Amendment to become the new law of the land, it would need more than a ratification—it would need Reconstruction. The amendment was ratified after the Civil War, and it's packed full of lofty phrases like due process, equal protection, and liberty.