Due process under the Ohio and United States Constitutions demands that the right to notice and an opportunity to be heard must be granted at a meaningful time. The privileges and immunities clause ensures that all citizens enjoy the same rights in each state.The 14th Amendment provides, in part, that no state can "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Fourteenth Amendment, U.S. Constitution No state shall "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.". The Equal Protection Clause requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people, including non-citizens, within its jurisdiction. However, the constitution remains a living document and Ohio voters will likely decide further amendments in the future. Under the 14th Amendment, African Americans could now legally claim the same constitutional rights afforded to all American citizens. The Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause requires states to practice equal protection.