The Fourteenth Amendment addresses many aspects of citizenship and the rights of citizens. The Fifth Amendment, however, applies only against the federal government.Takeaways from the Supreme Court oral arguments on the Trump 14th Amendment case. Lawmakers drafted Section 3 of the 14th Amendment as a means to block former Confederate officers who were elected to office. The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. FindLaw explains the history of the Fourteenth Amendment's disqualification clause and the debates over its application. Dozens of lawsuits have been filed to disqualify Trump, claiming he engaged in insurrection on Jan. Civil rights legislation brought new challenges to Federal authority akin to those encountered in the wake of the Fourteenth Amendment. Equal protection under the law is one of the clauses in the Fourteenth Amendment, ratified in 1868 during the Reconstruction Era.