Arrest Without Miranda Rights In Philadelphia
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Miranda warnings are not required when the suspect is unaware that they are speaking to a law enforcement officer and gives a voluntary statement.
Nonetheless, there are two exceptions to the required Miranda warnings for an in-custody suspect. The first is called the “rescue doctrine” exception and the second is called the “public safety” exception.
As a way of ensuring you have been informed of your rights, law enforcement is required to read you your Miranda rights at any time you are in custody or being subjected to questioning.
To determine whether a suspect has knowingly and intelligently waived Miranda rights, a court must appraise the “totality of the circumstances” including the suspect's “age, experience, education, background and intelligence” and “whether he has the capacity to understand the warnings given him, the nature of his Fifth ...
Once properly advised of Miranda rights, a suspect may waive them provided the waiver is voluntarily, knowingly and intelligently made.
Strikingly, results showed that although the detective's demeanor had no effect, participants who were truly innocent were significantly more likely to sign a waiver than those who were guilty.
Because a waiver is defined as an “intentional relinquishment or abandonment of a known right,”6 the United States Supreme Court has ruled that Miranda waivers must be both “knowing” and “in- telligent.”7 While this is a fundamental rule, for various reasons it continues to be a frequent source of litigation.
