Often, criminal defense matters implicate the Fourth Amendment. No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury.The 4 th Amendment to the US Constitution guarantees freedom from unreasonable search and seizure. The first requirement for a search is government action, because private intrusions, no matter how invasive, do not implicate the fourth amendment. The Arizona State Constitution has been updated to include the revised sections from the 55th Legislature, 1st Regular Session. The Arizona State Constitution has been updated to include the revised sections from the 55th Legislature, 1st Regular Session. 5th Amendment Rights. The first requirement for a search is government action, because private intrusions, no matter how invasive, do not implicate the fourth amendment. The Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution protects Americans from random and arbitrary stops and searches. The Fourth Amendment protects individuals against unreasonable searches and seizures.