When labor unions attempted to invoke freedom of contract, the Court, speaking through Justice Black, announced its refusal "to return . . . Under the 14th Amendment, African Americans could now legally claim the same constitutional rights afforded to all American citizens.— The language of the Fourteenth Amendment requires the provision of due process when an interest in one's "life, liberty or property" is threatened. Under the 14th Amendment, African Americans could now legally claim the same constitutional rights afforded to all American citizens. After escaping slavery, Frederick Douglass becomes a pivotal voice calling for citizenship for Black Americans, a dream realized in the 14th Amendment. Browse the Constitution Annotated. Fourteenth Amendment Equal Protection and Other Rights. In the 1980 and 1990 rounds of redistricting, African American Democrats preferred districts with black majorities sufficient to elect an African American. The 14th Amendment was necessary to make clear that Black people, as well as anyone born in the country or naturalized, were American citizens. LaGuardia High School is the premiere high school for Arts and Academic education in the United States.