TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page. The 14th Amendment redefined American citizenship and fundamentally altered the relationship between the states and the Federal government.The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. The 14th Amendment wrote the Declaration of Independence's promise of freedom and equality into the Constitution. The court takes the view that it limits the ability of states to exercise police powers in a way that interferes with individual liberties (e.g. The primary source documents on this page highlight pivotal moments in the course of American history or government. In the Virginia case, Davis v. The amendment ratified November 6, 2012, and effective January 1, 2013—In the heading of the section, after "taking", added "or damaging".