The Fourteenth Amendment made all native-born men and women citizens and guaranteed them equal protection under the law. The 14th Amendment provides, in part, that no state can "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.Among them was the Fourteenth Amendment, which prohibits the states from depriving "any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law. The Equal Protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment is one of the most litigated sections of the Constitution. Section Five of the Fourteenth Amendment vests Congress with the authority to adopt "appropriate" legislation to enforce the other parts of the Amendment. The 14th Amendment to the Constitution is one of the nation's most important laws relating to citizenship and civil rights. The Equal Protection Clause requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people, including non-citizens, within its jurisdiction. What is the 14th Amendment and how has it been applied throughout history? Constitution of Virginia. Citizens may not be tried on the same set of facts twice and are protected from self-incrimination (the right to remain silent).