An application can be submitted at the national patent office of the contracting state, where the applicant is a national or a resident. Discover how the patent system works in China.Patent infringement is typically established through literal infringement or the doctrine of equivalents. Once the patentee gets a solid patent right and a favorable decision from the court, the customs can effectively seize and seal the infringing product. Most companies in the United States have concerns over IP protection before entering the Chinese market. With an advanced judgment finding infringement, the patentee can apply for injunction, so as to stop infringement in a timely manner. Patents are territorial; only a PRC patent has the potential to protect against infringement in China. 12. Do the concepts of indirect patent infringement or contributory infringement exist? If, so what are the elements of such forms of infringement? Central to China's updated Patent Law, effective from June 1, 2021, is the reform of the discovery process rules for determining damages.