(a) Description of the Case. (1) Concise factual summary of plaintiff's claims, including the patent number(s), date(s) of patent(s), and patentee(s):.The foramen ovale is a hole in the wall between the left and right atria of every human fetus. This hole allows blood to bypass the fetal lungs. The purpose of this guide is to provide you with basic information about filing a utility patent application with the USPTO. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a persistent opening between the two major blood vessels leading from the heart. A CAVC allows blood to mix and the chambers and valves to not properly route the blood to each station of circulation. This is a narrowing of the area below the aortic valve.