Another reason for patent withdrawal is when the patent holder realizes that their invention does not meet the necessary criteria for patentability. This second action may be indicated as "final".And expired patent is in the public domain and you can do exactly as claimed in the past. You cannot re-file the same patent. The patent examiner may, and often does, reject claims in an application based on information not found in the preliminary search. Then the patent is withdrawn. The applicant can file an RCE or continuation to fix the problem, or they may even abandon it. This means there isn't a patent and there is no patent protection for the invention described in the application. The Withdrawal "Best Serves the Interests of Innovation and Competition," Conclude the Three Agencies. It also means the inventor can only enforce the second patent if he or she owns both patents.