The Fourth Amendment guards against unreasonable searches and seizures during multiple circumstances, including traffic stops. The Fourth Amendment requires the government to obtain a warrant based on probable cause to conduct a legal search and seizure.Debates over the scope of unreasonable searches and seizures sparked the American Revolution as we'll learn in a moment. The Fourth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures. The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures. It requires a warrant, based on probable cause, for searches. Semayne's case was argued in 1604 and the court basically decided, as recorded by.