Facts: Clarence Earl Gideon was an unlikely hero. He was a man with an eighth-grade education who ran away from home when he was in middle school.Author and Professor Christopher Schmidt reviews the history of critical Supreme Court civil rights and equality cases that everyone should know. Records of the District Court (Fairbanks), including records relating to civil and criminal cases, 1960-75; and records of the clerk of the court, 1965-73. In 1963, the Supreme Court ruled unanimously in favor of Gideon, guaranteeing the right to legal counsel for criminal defendants in federal and state courts. EQUAL JUSTICE UNDER LAW i. The Warren Court made further pro-civil rights rulings in cases such as Browder v. Gayle (1956) and Loving v. The US Supreme Court landmark case Katzenbach V. Morgan (1966) addressed the constitutionality of section 4(e) of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. But in the 1950s and 1960s, a change came.