Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a federal law that makes it illegal to discriminate employees based on race, color, religion, or sex. Numbering of Title VII Instructions. 2.5.0 Title VII Introductory Instruction. 3. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employers engaged in commerce and having at least 15 employees from discriminating. Title VII applies to employers in both the private and public sectors that have 15 or more employees. The US Supreme Court (SCOTUS) has clarified that employers must grant a religious accommodation request under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Pennsylvania Human Relations Act (PHRA) prohibit discrimination based upon an employee's national origin. 329 (2001) ("In many states, . . . Court explained that in a Title VII context an employment contract may arise quite informally. This "new" rule would actually be more in line with the NLRB's "old" pre-2020 standards on joint employment.