Second Amendment to the United States Constitution. The novel law, which requires gun owners to carry liability insurance and pay an annual feepartially went into effect on Jan. 1.Article 1, § 23 of the Texas Constitution states: "Every citizen shall have the right to keep and bear arms in the lawful defense of himself or the State. A comprehensive overview of Texas gun laws in 2024, covering everything from concealed carry permits to restrictions on assault weapons. The Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States protects the right to keep and bear arms. The right to bear arms is essential to freedom. For it is the policy of governments to disarm the people, that they may have the opportunity to oppress them. In 2022, San Jose, California, and New Jersey passed laws requiring gun owners to carry liability insurance. The Second Amendment protects arms, not firearms,6 and in Heller, the Supreme Court defined an arm as any. James Wilson in the early 1790s, and St. George.