UNCITRAL Rules, which form the backbone of the Indian Arbitration Act, are very commonly applied in ad hoc arbitrations and also by Indian courts while dealing with questions as to the interpretation of the provisions.
The Scope of the Clause. This section of the clause is critical; it sets the boundaries for which disputes the tribunal is authorised to determine. Choice of Rules. The Number of Arbitrators. Appointing Authority. Choice of Venue. The language of the proceedings. Finality. Exclusion of the right of appeal.
It is a legal technique for the resolution of dispute outside the courts, wherein the parties to a dispute refer it to one or more persons namely arbitrator(s) by whose decision (the “award”) they agree to be bound. The Indian law with respect to the arbitration is largely based on the English Common Law.
16th August, 1996. An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to domestic arbitration, international commercial arbitration and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards as also to define the law relating to conciliation and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto. 1.
Ltd. 3). Subsequently, the Delhi High Court in GMR Energy Limited v. Doosan Power Systems India Private Limited & Others,4 ruled that there is no prohibition in two Indian parties opting for a foreign seat of arbitration and such an arrangement would attract Part II of the Arbitration Act.
As a general rule, only strong evidence of duress or fraud are sufficient to invalidate an arbitration clause. It is worth noting that many state courts will to set aside arbitration agreements where the parties have vastly disparate bargaining power (such as between employers and employees).
The arbitration agreement must be contained in either a written document signed (including every adequate form of electronic signature) by the parties or in an exchange of letters, faxes, e-mails, or other forms of communication exchanged between the parties that provides proof of the existence of the agreement.
An arbitration agreement, being a contract governed by the Indian Contract Act, 1872 (ICA), will be void and unenforceable if executed by a person who is not competent to contract, for example, a minor or a person of unsound mind.
To give you an idea of the process that arbitration typically involves, the American Arbitration Association describes artibtration as having five main steps: Filing and initiation. Arbitrator selection. Preliminary hearing. Information exchange and preparation. Hearings. Post hearing submissions. Award.
A party is deceived, intimidated, or coerced during the execution of the arbitration agreement and requests a declaration that such arbitration agreement is invalid; and. The arbitration agreement violates prohibitions specified by the law.