India has always used arbitration as a forum of dispute resolution for commercial disputes. This holds true, especially for contracts entered by and between corporations. Corporations also prefer opting for institutional arbitration as it provides a structured ecosystem for disputes.
It is a legal technique for the resolution of dispute outside the courts, wherein the parties to a dispute refer it to one or more persons namely arbitrator(s) by whose decision (the “award”) they agree to be bound. The Indian law with respect to the arbitration is largely based on the English Common Law.
Reasons for the Failure of the Institutional Arbitration in India. The development of Institutional Arbitration has been hampered by a lack of support from the federal and state governments. More court intervention in the arbitration process. In the arbitral institutions, there is a lack of infrastructure.
There must be an arbitration agreement or an arbitration clause between the parties; A party to the arbitration agreement files a case against the other party before the judicial authority; The subject matter of the case so filed must be the same as the subject matter of the arbitration agreement;
A claimant will typically start arbitration by sending a document known as a “request for arbitration” or a “notice to arbitrate” to its opponent.
The Indian Arbitration & Conciliation Act, 1996 is the principal enactment that codifies the law on arbitration and is predominantly modeled on the UNCITRAL Model Law on International Commercial Arbitration.
Arbitration notice: in case of dispute between the parties arise, the party will send a notice to the defaulting party for initiating the procedure of arbitration known as arbitration notice. 3. Appointment of Arbitrator: party appoint arbitrator as they think fit to resolve the dispute.
To give you an idea of the process that arbitration typically involves, the American Arbitration Association describes artibtration as having five main steps: Filing and initiation. Arbitrator selection. Preliminary hearing. Information exchange and preparation. Hearings. Post hearing submissions. Award.
Parties will need to provide material evidence during the arbitration process. Some arbitrators may require that some types of evidence (such as invoices, pictures, and party correspondence) be presented in a specific format, such as in a binder and labeled in a certain order.