Arbitration Case Of The Philippines Against China In Hillsborough
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In 2016, the Philippines won the case, and the international court effectively invalidated the dash line. Beginning in 2015, China's People's Liberation Army Air Force began patrolling the South China Sea, including the disputed Paracel and Spratly Islands.
In July 2016, the Permanent Court of Arbitration at The Hague ruled on a claim brought against China by the Philippines under UNCLOS, ruling in favor of the Philippines on almost every count. While China is a signatory to the treaty establishing the tribunal, it refuses to accept the court's authority.
On July 12, 2016, the arbitral tribunal adjudicating the Philippines' case against China in the South China Sea ruled overwhelmingly in favor of the Philippines, determining that major elements of China's claim—including its nine-dash line, recent land reclamation activities, and other activities in Philippine waters— ...
While the disputes can be traced back to the 1940s, pressure on the Philippines from China as the most powerful and assertive claimant began in the mid-1990s with the Panganiban Reef (Mischief Reef) incident, and escalated especially since the 2012 Panatag Shoal (Scarborough Shoal; Bajo de Masinloc) standoff.
The dispute is ostensibly over the jurisdiction and administration of the maritime features—shoals, reefs, rocks, and islands—territorial waters, and exclusive economic zones of the South China Sea. China (as well as Taiwan) vaguely claims jurisdiction, but not necessarily territorial control, over the entire Sea.
Philippine stance Its position was that because most of the features in the South China Sea, such as most of the Spratly Islands, cannot sustain life, they cannot be given their own continental shelf as defined in the convention.
The two countries have disputes over the sovereignty of some islands and shoals in the Spratly Islands. These disputes are linked to other disputes in the South China Sea. China conducts grey-zone operations in these waters.
On July 12, 2016, the arbitral tribunal adjudicating the Philippines' case against China in the South China Sea ruled overwhelmingly in favor of the Philippines, determining that major elements of China's claim—including its nine-dash line, recent land reclamation activities, and other activities in Philippine waters— ...
Philippines-China relations have lately been dominated by the territorial disputes in the West Philippine Sea, which has escalated since the naval standoff over the Scarborough Shoal in April 2012 and aggravated by issues of Chinese illegal occupation, unlawful establishment of infrastructures, and incidents of ...
In its final Award, the Tribunal found that it had jurisdiction to decide all of the Philippines' claims except those relating to certain military activities (which were also excluded from the Tribunal's jurisdiction pursuant to China's 2006 declaration under Article 298 of UNCLOS).