International Agreements For Upsc In Salt Lake
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The Treaty gives control over the waters of the three "Eastern Rivers" – the Beas, Ravi and Sutlej located in India with a mean annual flow of 41 billion m3 (33 million acre⋅ft) – to India, while control over the waters of the three "Western Rivers" – the Indus, Chenab and Jhelum located in India with a mean annual ...
It is a landmark agreement between India and Pakistan, was signed in 1960, brokered by the World Bank, to manage and share the waters of the Indus River system. It has been a cornerstone of cooperation and conflict resolution between the two nations, despite their often strained relations.
And Chenab, known as the western rivers with the Indus river, and the Ravi, Beas and Sutlej, known as the eastern rivers. This division came into effect at the time of settlement of a water dispute between India and Pakistan in 1960.
Ever since the partition of India in 1947, the Indus River had been a bone of contention between the four countries through which it runs – India, Pakistan, China, and Afghanistan. The river originates from Tibet. India had blocked water to Pakistan for some time in 1948 but later restored it after the ceasefire.
Origins of the Treaty: Former U.S. President Dwight Eisenhower described it as "one bright spot ... in a very depressing world picture that we see so often." The Treaty allocates the Western Rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab) to Pakistan and the Eastern Rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej) to India.
International agreements are formal understandings or commitments between two or more countries. An agreement between two countries is called “bilateral,” while an agreement between several countries is “multilateral.” The countries bound by an international agreement are generally referred to as “States Parties.”
The Treaty allocates the Western Rivers (Indus, Jhelum, Chenab) to Pakistan and the Eastern Rivers (Ravi, Beas, Sutlej) to India. At the same time, the Treaty allows each country certain uses on the rivers allocated to the other.
Indus Waters Treaty, treaty, signed on September 19, 1960, between India and Pakistan and brokered by the World Bank. The treaty fixed and delimited the rights and obligations of both countries concerning the use of the waters of the Indus River system.