In this heart surgery, the surgeon uses stitches to close the PFO . Patent foramen ovale closure is a procedure to close a hole in the heart.We use minimally invasive approaches to treat PFO without open-chest surgery. A patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a hole in the heart that didn't close the way it should after birth. The foramen ovale is a hole in the wall between the left and right atria of every human fetus. This hole allows blood to bypass the fetal lungs. This document addresses the transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale and transcatheter or open left atrial appendage (LAA) closure. A patent foramen ovale occurs when a hole that is always present in a newborn's heart fails to close as it should once the lungs begin to function after birth. Percutaneous closure of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) reduces the risk of recurrent cryptogenic stroke specifically in younger patients.