This page provides information on the types of patents and types of patent applications, and the examination process. An official document open to public examination and granting a certain right or privilege; letters patent; esp.All business with the United States Patent and Trademark Office should be transacted in writing. Patent writing is a long, detailed process that must adhere to U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) regulations. Intellectual property law traditionally consists of four categories: Patents, Copyright, Trademarks, and Trade Secrets. Patent law is a multifaceted legal field that revolves around the granting, enforcement, and protection of patents. Intellectual property rights, including patents and trade- marks, are frequently used to protect innovations. "Two goals of trademark law are reflected in the federal scheme. Trademarks, patents, and copyrights are different types of intellectual property. The USPTO grants patents and registers trademarks.