I decided to take a route that allowed me to qualify without a science degree. I enrolled in 8 science classes online from a community college in my state.Your B.Sc. in Biology will be fine for becoming a patent lawyer. There are two major types of patent lawyers: prosecutors and litigators. Advice on how to prepare for careers in patent law with a biology PhD. A Ph.D. is not required to take the patent bar; a master's or even a bachelor's degree can satisfy the scientific background requirement. Official Transcripts. In order to qualify for the Patent Exam, you will need at least a bachelor's degree in one of the specified fields of science or engineering. In Part I of this multipart series, patent law attorney Susan Myers discusses the basic process of applying for and winning a patent. This program has been designed to match as closely as possible the first two years of a biology degree at the University of Arizona.