Alaska Jury Instruction — Pinkerton Instruction, also known as Pinkerton liability, is a legal concept that holds a defendant accountable for the unlawful actions of co-conspirators during the commission of a crime. It is named after the landmark United States Supreme Court case Pinkerton v. United States. In Alaska, the Pinkerton Instruction is given to the jury in criminal cases where the defendant is charged with crimes committed by others who were part of the same conspiracy or joint enterprise. The instruction allows the jury to find the defendant guilty of the crimes committed by their co-conspirators if certain conditions are met. The Pinkerton Instruction in Alaska consists of several essential elements that the jury must consider: 1. Conspiratorial Relationship: The jury must find that the defendant was a member of the conspiracy or joint enterprise, which involved an agreement with at least one other person to commit a crime. 2. Foreseeability: The jury must determine that the acts committed by the co-conspirators were reasonably foreseen or a natural and probable consequence of the conspiracy. 3. In Furtherance of the Conspiracy: The acts committed by the co-conspirators must have been carried out in furtherance of the conspiracy or joint enterprise. If the jury finds that these elements have been met beyond a reasonable doubt, they can hold the defendant responsible for the crimes committed by their co-conspirators, even if the defendant did not personally participate in or have knowledge of those specific acts. It is important to note that the Pinkerton Instruction is generally used in complex criminal cases involving multiple defendants and conspiracies. It is aimed at deterring individuals from participating in criminal enterprises by holding them accountable for the foreseeable actions of their co-conspirators. In Alaska, there are no specific sub-types or variations of the Pinkerton Instruction. The standard instruction, as outlined above, is employed to guide the jury's deliberations in cases where Pinkerton liability is applicable. Overall, the Alaska Jury Instruction — Pinkerton Instruction is a significant legal tool in ensuring accountability for crimes committed within a conspiracy or joint enterprise. It allows the jury to attribute liability to a defendant who may have played a role in facilitating or planning the criminal activities, even if they did not directly perpetrate those acts.