Connecticut Jury Instruction — 4.4.1 Rule 10(b— - 5(a) Device, Scheme Or Artifice To Defraud Insider Trading is a legal concept that pertains to fraudulent activities related to insider trading in the state of Connecticut. This jury instruction specifically addresses the unlawful actions taken by individuals or entities through various devices, schemes, or artifices to defraud others by engaging in insider trading. Insider trading refers to the illegal practice of trading stocks or securities based on non-public material information that has the potential to impact the market price of those securities. It is considered a violation of securities laws and undermines the principles of fair and transparent trading. Connecticut Jury Instruction — 4.4.1 Rule 10(b— - 5(a) focuses on the following types of devices, schemes, or artifices used to commit insider trading: 1. Misappropriation of Information: This involves illegally acquiring confidential or non-public information about a company and subsequently trading the securities of that company for personal gain. 2. Tipper-Tippee Relationships: This occurs when an individual with access to inside information, known as the tipper, shares that information with another person, known as the tipped, who then trades on that information. Both the tipper and tipped can be held liable for insider trading under certain circumstances. 3. Front-Running: Front-running involves a broker or trader taking advantage of non-public market orders placed by their clients to execute trades for themselves prior to executing the orders of their clients. This allows the broker or trader to profit from the price movement resulting from their clients' orders. 4. Trading on Material Non-Public Information: This refers to the act of buying or selling securities based on confidential, non-public information that could impact the market value of those securities. It is important to note that Connecticut Jury Instruction — 4.4.1 Rule 10(b— - 5(a) provides guidelines for jurors in determining whether an individual or entity engaged in a device, scheme, or artifice to defraud others through insider trading. The instruction helps jurors understand the legal framework and elements necessary to establish insider trading as a fraudulent act. In conclusion, Connecticut Jury Instruction — 4.4.1 Rule 10(b— - 5(a) Device, Scheme Or Artifice To Defraud Insider Trading addresses various forms of fraudulent activities related to insider trading. These activities involve the misuse of non-public information, tipper-tippee relationships, front-running, and trading on material non-public information. The instruction assists jurors in understanding the legal parameters surrounding insider trading and facilitates fair and just legal proceedings in Connecticut.