District of Columbia Jury Instruction — 1.9.5.1 Corporation As Alter Ego Of Stockholder In the legal context, the District of Columbia Jury Instruction — 1.9.5.1 Corporation as Alter Ego of Stockholder refers to a specific instruction provided by the court to guide jurors in cases where a corporation is being treated as the alter ego of its stockholder(s). This instruction is particularly relevant in corporate law and corporate governance cases where it becomes necessary to disregard the separate legal entity of a corporation and hold the stockholder(s) personally liable for the corporation's actions or debts. Keywords: District of Columbia, jury instruction, corporation, alter ego, stockholder, legal entity, liability, corporate law, corporate governance, personal liability. Different Types of District of Columbia Jury Instruction — 1.9.5.1 Corporation as Alter Ego of Stockholder: 1. Alter Ego Theory: This type of instruction focuses on the legal principle that a corporation can be treated as the alter ego of its stockholder(s) when it is established that there is a complete disregard for the separate identity of the corporation and the stockholder(s) have used the corporation as a mere instrumentality to conduct personal affairs or evade personal obligations. 2. Piercing the Corporate Veil: This variation of the instruction instructs the jury about the circumstances under which the corporate veil can be pierced, allowing the court to hold stockholder(s) personally liable for the corporation's actions. It emphasizes that if the corporation is found to be a sham or an instrumentality of its stockholder(s), the court has the authority to disregard the corporate structure and hold the stockholder(s) responsible. 3. Factors to Consider: In this type of instruction, the jury is provided with a list of factors to consider when determining whether to treat a corporation as the alter ego of its stockholder(s). The factors may include whether there is a unity of interest, inadequate capitalization, commingling of assets, failure to maintain corporate formalities, and whether injustice or fraud would result if the corporate veil were to be maintained. 4. Reverse-Piercing: This instruction focuses on a reverse scenario where the corporate veil is pierced to hold a stockholder personally liable for the obligations of the corporation. It guides the jury on the circumstances under which such reverse-piercing may be applicable, such as when the stockholder exercises complete domination and control over the corporation and uses it to perpetrate fraud or injustice. It is crucial to note that the exact terminology and content of District of Columbia Jury Instruction — 1.9.5.1 Corporation as Alter Ego of Stockholder may vary depending on the specific case, legal precedents, and the judge's discretion. Therefore, it is essential for both the litigating parties and jurors to adhere to the specific instruction provided in each case.