A motion for refusal and change of venue due to a co-defendant's prior criminal convictions is a legal document filed in the state of Georgia. This motion seeks to remove a judge from a trial and change the location of the trial due to the involvement of a co-defendant who has previous criminal convictions. It aims to ensure a fair trial and protect the rights of the defendant. In Georgia, specific types of motions for refusal and change of venue due to a co-defendant's prior criminal convictions include: 1. Standard Motion for Refusal: This motion requests the judge's refusal from the case based on a reasonable doubt of impartiality or bias arising from the co-defendant's previous criminal convictions. It argues that the judge's perception may be influenced by the co-defendant's past criminal history, which could prejudice the trial proceedings. 2. Extraordinary Motion for Refusal: This type of motion is typically filed when there is substantial evidence or a clear indication of bias or prejudice against the defendant due to the co-defendant's prior criminal convictions. It asserts that the judge's ability to remain impartial or make unbiased decisions may be compromised, warranting their refusal from the case. 3. Motion for Change of Venue: This motion seeks a change in the location or venue of the trial due to concerns regarding pretrial publicity or the heightened likelihood of prejudice against the defendant resulting from the co-defendant's prior criminal convictions. It argues that a fair and unbiased jury cannot be selected in the current location due to widespread knowledge and potential bias stemming from the co-defendant's criminal history. 4. Joint Motion for Refusal and Change of Venue: In situations where multiple defendants are involved, a joint motion may be filed by all co-defendants seeking the refusal of the judge and a change in the trial's location. This motion highlights the combined negative impact of the co-defendant's prior criminal convictions on the fairness of the trial and jury selection process. These motions are crucial tools for defendants in Georgia who want to ensure a fair trial and proper consideration of their case without prejudice resulting from a co-defendant's previous criminal convictions. By making compelling arguments and presenting evidence of potential bias or prejudice, defendants can seek a refusal and a change of venue, if necessary, to guarantee a fair and just trial.