Guam Jury Instruction 4.4.3 Rule 10(b)-5© Fraudulent Practice or Course of Dealing Stockbroker Churning is a legal instruction that helps guide jurors in cases related to stockbroker misconduct and securities fraud. In simple terms, it addresses situations where a stockbroker engages in excessive trading (churning) to generate commissions, which is a violation of the Blue Sky Law and breaches their fiduciary duty to the client. Keywords: Guam Jury Instruction, Rule 10(b)-5(c), fraudulent practice, course of dealing, stockbroker churning, violation, Blue Sky Law, breach of fiduciary duty. Guam Jury Instruction 4.4.3 Rule 10(b)-5© Fraudulent Practice or Course of Dealing Stockbroker Churning can have various types based on the specific circumstances of the case. Some of these types may include: 1. Excessive Trading: This type of churning occurs when a stockbroker excessively trades securities in a client's account to generate more commissions. It often leads to significant fees and losses for the client without any substantial benefit. 2. Unauthorized Trading: In this type, a stockbroker executes trades without obtaining the necessary authorization from the client. This action is a breach of the stockbroker's fiduciary duty to act in the client's best interest. 3. Unsuitable Recommendations: When a stockbroker recommends investments that are not suitable for the client's financial situation, risk tolerance, and investment objectives, it can lead to losses. Such recommendations can be seen as fraudulent practices or a breach of fiduciary duty. 4. Misrepresentation or Misleading Statements: Stockbrokers may engage in fraudulent practices by providing false or misleading information about the risks, potential returns, or other material facts related to a particular investment. This can deceive clients and violate securities laws. 5. Failure to Diversify: Stockbrokers have a duty to diversify their clients' investments to minimize risk. Failure to diversify and concentrate investments in a specific security or sector can be considered a fraudulent practice or a breach of fiduciary duty. It is important to note that this list is not exhaustive, and the specific types may vary depending on the specific facts and circumstances of each case.