Hawaii Jury Instruction 1.1.3 provides guidance for public employees who are claiming equal protection violations based on race and/or sex discrimination in a hostile work environment, specifically focusing on the concept of separate liability. This instruction ensures that jurors fully understand the specific legal elements involved in such claims. The instruction emphasizes the following keywords: 1. Public Employee: This refers to an individual working for a governmental agency or any other public entity. 2. Equal Protection Claim: This signifies a legal claim brought forth by a public employee who alleges that their constitutional right to equal protection under the law has been violated. 3. Race and/or Sex Discrimination: This indicates that the alleged discriminatory treatment is based on the employee's race, sex, or both. 4. Hostile Work Environment: This pertains to a workplace where the conduct, actions, or behavior of colleagues, supervisors, or the organization itself creates an intimidating, offensive, or abusive atmosphere, making it difficult for an employee to perform their duties effectively. 5. Separate Liability: This highlights the legal principle that individuals, including supervisors or colleagues, may be held personally responsible for their actions or omissions that contribute to a hostile work environment. Types of Hawaii Jury Instruction 1.1.3 Public Employee Equal Protection Claim Race and/or Sex Discrimination Hostile Work Environment — Separate Liability can include variations based on specific legal standards or factors that need to be considered. They may be categorized as: 1. Standard Instruction: Standard jury instructions outline the general legal principles and elements required for a plaintiff to successfully establish their claim of equal protection violations, race and/or sex discrimination, and a hostile work environment. 2. Factor-Based Instruction: In some instances, specific factors need to be considered while determining if a public employee's claim is valid, such as the duration and frequency of discriminatory conduct, the severity of the behavior, and the impact on the employee's work performance and psychological well-being. A factor-based instruction would outline these considerations for the jurors. 3. Employer Liability Instruction: This type of instruction addresses the potential liability of the employer in cases involving hostile work environments. It explains that an employer may be held accountable for the discriminatory actions of its employees if it knew or should have known about the misconduct and failed to take appropriate corrective measures. It's important to note that the specific types of instructions may vary depending on the jurisdiction and the particular circumstances of the case at hand.