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America's annexation of Hawaii in 1898 extended U.S. territory into the Pacific and highlighted resulted from economic integration and the rise of the United States as a Pacific power. For most of the 1800s, leaders in Washington were concerned that Hawaii might become part of a European nation's empire.
Annexing Hawaii. In January 1893, the planters staged an uprising to overthrow the Queen. At the same time, they appealed to the United States armed forces for protection. Without Presidential approval, marines stormed the islands, and the American minister to the islands raised the stars and stripes in Honolulu.
When war broke out with Spain in 1898, the military significance of Hawaiian naval bases as a way station to the Spanish Philippines outweighed all other considerations. President William McKinley signed a joint resolution annexing the islands, much like the manner in which Texas joined the Union in 1845.
House Joint Resolution 259, 55th Congress, 2nd session, known as the "Newlands Resolution," passed Congress and was signed into law by President McKinley on July 7, 1898 ? the Hawaiian islands were officially annexed by the United States. Sanford Dole became the first Governor of the Territory of Hawaii.
On June 16, 1897, McKinley and three representatives of the government of the Republic of Hawaii ? Lorrin Thurston, Francis Hatch, and William Kinney ? signed a treaty of annexation. President McKinley then submitted the treaty to the U.S. Senate for ratification.
Because most of the wealthy sugar plantains and industry were white American Businessmen they decided to push for the Annexation of Hawaii. They knew if Hawaii was part of the US then their businesses and goods would not be taxed on their goods.
Hawaii would provide a strategic naval base in the Pacific. the islands were an excellent gateway to the East and Asian trade. the native population wanted the islands to be annexed. the native population and Japanese immigrants provided cheap labor.
Two Hawaiian groups, Hui Aloha 'Aina and Hui Kulai'aina, one group for men and one for women, organized a mass petition drive. They hoped that if the U.S. government realized that the majority of native Hawaiian citizens opposed annexation, the move to annex Hawaii would be stopped.