Kansas Jury Instruction 1.8.1 — Employee Claim Against Employer and Union NACAca v. Sipes - General Instruction is a crucial component of employment law in Kansas. This instruction provides guidance to the jury when an employee files a claim against their employer and union simultaneously, based on the principles established in the NACA v. Sides case. NACA v. Sides is a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that shaped the employment landscape by defining the rights of employees in cases involving the breach of the union's duty of fair representation. The court held that when an employee files a claim against both their employer and union, they must demonstrate two key elements: (1) a breach of the duty of fair representation by the union, and (2) a breach of the collective bargaining agreement (CBA) by the employer. Kansas Jury Instruction 1.8.1 provides the general framework for jurors to consider when assessing an employee's claim against their employer and union. It ensures that the jury understands the legal standards and guidelines when weighing the evidence and making a decision. The instruction may have several variations, including: 1.8.1 Employee Claim Against Employer and Union NACAca v. Sipes - General Instruction: This general instruction outlines the basic principles and legal requirements for employee claims against their employer and union under NACA v. Sides. It offers a broad overview of the case and sets the stage for the subsequent specific instructions. 1.8.1.1 Duty of Fair Representation: This instruction elaborates on the duty of fair representation that unions owe to their members. It explains the standard of conduct expected from the union in representing the employee's interests and how a breach of this duty can give rise to a claim. 1.8.1.2 Breach of Collective Bargaining Agreement: This instruction focuses on the breach of the collective bargaining agreement by the employer. It explains the terms, conditions, and rights contained in the agreement that the employer is obliged to uphold. It also clarifies how a failure to comply with these obligations can form the basis of the claim. 1.8.1.3 Causation and Damages: This instruction instructs the jury on assessing causation and damages in an employee's claim against their employer and union. It outlines the requirement to demonstrate a causal connection between the breaches of duty, and the harm suffered by the employee. It also explains the types of damages that may be recoverable. 1.8.1.4 Defenses and Mitigation: This instruction provides the jury with information regarding potential defenses that the employer and union may present. It also discusses the doctrine of mitigation, instructing the jury on considering whether the employee took reasonable steps to minimize their damages. These variants of Kansas Jury Instruction 1.8.1 collectively cover different aspects of an employee's claim against their employer and union. Each provides essential guidance to ensure a fair and informed jury deliberation regarding the complex legal issues involved in such cases.