Title: Louisiana Instruction to Jury: Refusal to Deliver Goods after Demand and Tender of Freight and Storage Charges as Conversion Introduction: In the state of Louisiana, there are specific instructions provided to the jury regarding conversion cases involving the refusal to deliver goods after demands have been made and freight and storage charges have been properly tendered. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the Louisiana Instruction to Jury on this matter, its importance, and its various types. Keywords: Louisiana, instruction to jury, refusal to deliver goods, demand, tender, freight charges, storage charges, conversion I. Louisiana Instruction to Jury — Refusal to Deliver Goods after Demand and Tender of Freight and Storage Charges — Definition of Conversion: Conversion refers to an unlawful act where an individual or party intentionally interferes with another's personal property rights, exercising control over the property without lawful authority. In Louisiana, the refusal to deliver the goods after the tender of freight and storage charges can constitute conversion. II. Elements of Conversion in Louisiana 1. Refusal of Delivery: The defendant's deliberate refusal to deliver the goods to the rightful owner or intended recipient. 2. Proper Demand: The plaintiff must make a lawful and timely demand for the delivery of the goods. 3. Tender of Freight and Storage Charges: The plaintiff must provide appropriate payment for freight and storage charges, if applicable, under the agreed terms. 4. Unlawful Control: The defendant must exercise unauthorized control over the goods, denying the plaintiff's rightful possession or use. 5. Intent: The defendant's actions must be intentional or deliberate, without the consent of the owner or rightful possessor of the goods. III. Importance of Louisiana Instruction to Jury — Refusal to Deliver Goods after Demand and Tender of Freight and Storage Charges as Conversion — Preserving Property Rights: The instruction emphasizes the importance of recognizing and safeguarding property rights, ensuring the fair treatment of individuals who have made proper demands and tendered the necessary charges. — Legal Consequences: Understanding the legal implications of conversion helps the jury make informed decisions and ensures justice is served by holding the defendant accountable for their actions. — Promoting Fair Trade: By providing clarity on the law regarding goods delivery, the instruction contributes to a fair and transparent business environment. Types of Louisiana Instruction to Jury — Refusal to Deliver Goods after Demand and Tender of Freight and Storage Charges as Conversion: 1. Model Civil Jury Instruction: — This instruction serves as a general guideline for the jury, explaining the elements and factors involved in determining conversion in cases of refusing to deliver goods after demands and tender of freight and storage charges. 2. Instruction for Specific Industries: — Depending on the specific circumstances and industry involved, there may be specific instructions tailored to those sectors. For example, the instruction provided to juries in cases involving shipping and logistics may include additional elements and considerations related to the movement of goods. Conclusion: The Louisiana Instruction to Jury on the refusal to deliver goods after demand and tender of freight and storage charges underscores the importance of protecting property rights and holding individuals accountable for their actions. By employing this instruction, juries can make well-informed decisions, ensuring justice is served in cases of conversion.